Going Nuclear

November 22, 2013

nukeI believe it was Bill Frist, that ol’ Tennessee sawbones notorious for basically Skyping a misdiagnosis of poor Terry Schiavo, who first threatened to “go nuclear” over stalled George W. Bush appointees. That was back in 2005, when he was Senate Majority Leader, and he was so pissed that he proposed changing the Senate rules to require a simple majority vote on Presidential appointments, rather than the 60-vote threshold needed to bust a filibuster.

The “nuclear option” is actually more like a tactical strike. You, Mr. Senator, can still filibuster any bill you want, or any Supreme Court nominee, and folks, get ready for some doozies. But if the President’s party has a Senate majority, he’s going to get his federal-judge nominees and executive-office appointments, as he needs to for the government to function. The key advantage Senate Pubs held over President Obama until yesterday was, they don’t care if the government can’t function. They actually hate their President more than they love their country. To them, any Democrat in the White House is by definition illegitimate, but this particular one just drives them crazy.

If they don’t like a Federal agency, Senate Pubs simply refuse to staff it. They stand in the way of perfectly qualified judges, approved out of committee, because they don’t like the President who appointed them. They let other superb executive candidates twist in the wind, putting their lives on hold and upending their families, hoping they’ll finally just remove their names in disgust (this slimy, cowardly tactic has actually worked several times) and vital agencies will remain leaderless. Earlier this month, they made dubious history by filibustering the first sitting member of Congress since the 1840s: Rep. Mel Watt (D-NC), nominated to head the Federal Housing Finance Agency. The Senate minority has committed sabotage against its nation, time and time again. The former World’s Greatest Deliberative Body has become a sumphole where good Presidential appointments go to die. But this time the Pubs have pushed too far – and finally, finally, we’ve called in a plumber to snake the place clean.

The last straw was the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, a body where federal regulations often come up for review, second in influence only to the Supremes. It has three vacancies, and the Pubs have filibustered every one of the President’s nominees. The problem isn’t qualifications, as they freely admit. It’s that Obama appointees can be expected to be sterner about regulations than Pubs would like. But that’s not what they say in public. The first complaint was that the President was “packing the court,” as if any of his predecessors had failed to choose their own like-minded nominees. Their current howler is even better: the court has a light caseload and can do without three expensive judgeships. (A dozen state Attorneys General joined in decrying the Pub plan to shrink the “vital, understaffed” court, yet the Wall Street Journal editorial page signed on with the same “taxpayer-saving” bilge only yesterday.) This was simply ridiculous; at last, the Pubs had overstepped. The Senate went nuclear – and moments after changing the rules, Democrats voted to advance the first judge, Patricia Millett. The other two will follow shortly, and the Obama administration will finally be able to deploy the executive-branch public servants our country so desperately needs.

“If the Democrats proceed to use the nuclear option in this way, it will be Obamacare II,” snarled Sen. Lamar Alexander (R-TN) before Thursday’s vote. “It will be the raw exercise of political power to say, ‘We can do whatever we want to do.’ ” Really? The right-wing megaphone bleated quite differently during the Frist days. Read this blast from the past, courtesy of Media Matters.

Yes, Democrats employed this same filibuster when they were the Senate minority. But before you declare a false equivalency – “they all do it” – have a peek at this chart of recent Senate cloture votes. You’ll see which side has abused this rule so egregiously that it had to change, and change now. And here’s a dirty little secret: few doubt that, should Pubs take control of the Senate in 2015 with fewer than 60 votes, they would go nuclear. Go back and look at all that cheerleading in 2005, and remember that nobody presses an advantage or dives through a loophole like a Pub, especially an angry one. “There are so many ways you can delay, obstruct, and poison the well to keep legislation you’re opposed to from moving forward,” offered former Mississippi Sen. Trent Lott, the man who actually coined the term “nuclear option.”

“Now, Republicans say, ‘What goes around comes around. Wait ’til we’re in charge,’” said Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA). “I can’t wait until they’re in charge. I mean, the moment is now. We’re here for now.” Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-IA) double-dared the Dems: “All I can say is this — be careful what you wish for. There are a lot more Scalias and [Clarence] Thomases that we’d love to put on the bench.” Do you really think that wouldn’t happen anyway? Elections have consequences, even if the Pubs have been acting as if Mitt Romney won last year, and if they can grasp ahold of the Senate and put another plutocrat in the White House, progressives may indeed rue this day. But what would be worse is another one, maybe three years of inaction while the Pubs, who have no interest in governing, run out the clock. Going nuclear is indeed dangerous. But continuing to allow the nation to limp when it should be sprinting is far, far worse.


100 That Rock When They Roll

November 15, 2013

camera

We’ve been having some fun over at the Four Word Film Review comparing top-100 movie lists. Some call their lists the “greatest,” I simply call them “my favorites.” The first lister specified that the cutoff should be 2003, so that each film is at least ten years old and you’re not still under the spell of the brand new. (Howdy there, AMERICAN BEAUTY and A BEAUTIFUL MIND!)

These lists serve two purposes: they give us something neat to discuss, and they allow us to catch up on flicks we’ve missed. So here’s my pre-2004 hundred. Some are related, but I consider them separate movies, with one exception.

My Favorite 100 Films That Are At Least Ten Years Old (alpha)

  1. 12 ANGRY MEN (1957)
  2. 2001: A SPACE ODYSSEY (1968)
  3. THE 400 BLOWS (1959)
  4. ALIEN (1979)
  5. ALIENS (1986)
  6. ALL THE PRESIDENT’S MEN (1976)
  7. NATIONAL LAMPOON’S ANIMAL HOUSE (1978)
  8. ANNIE HALL (1976)
  9. APOCALYPSE NOW (1979)
  10. ARTHUR (1981)
  11. BATTLESHIP POTEMKIN (1925)
  12. BEAUTY AND THE BEAST (1946)
  13. THE BEST YEARS OF OUR LIVES (1946)
  14. BLADE RUNNER (1982)
  15. BLAZING SADDLES (1974)
  16. BLOOD SIMPLE (1984)
  17. BODY HEAT (1981)
  18. BUTCH CASSIDY & THE SUNDANCE KID (1969)
  19. THE CABINET OF DR. CALIGARI (1919)
  20. CASABLANCA (1942)
  21. CHINATOWN (1974)
  22. CITIZEN KANE (1941)
  23. A CLOCKWORK ORANGE (1971)
  24. CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE THIRD KIND (1979)
  25. COOL HAND LUKE (1967)
  26. CRIES AND WHISPERS (1972)
  27. DARBY O’GILL AND THE LITTLE PEOPLE (1959)
  28. A DAY AT THE RACES (1937)
  29. DAY FOR NIGHT (1973)
  30. THE DIRTY DOZEN (1967)
  31. DR. STRANGELOVE (1964)
  32. DOG DAY AFTERNOON (1975)
  33. DOUBLE INDEMNITY (1944)
  34. AKIRA KUROSAWA’S DREAMS (1990)
  35. FANTASIA (1940)
  36. FARGO (1996)
  37. FITZCARRALDO (1982)
  38. FULL METAL JACKET (1987)
  39. THE GAME (1997)
  40. THE GODFATHER (1972)
  41. THE GODFATHER PART II (1974)
  42. GONE WITH THE WIND (1939)
  43. THE GOOD, THE BAD & THE UGLY (1966)
  44. GOODFELLAS (1990)
  45. GRAND ILLUSION (1937)
  46. HALLOWEEN (1978)
  47. THE HELLSTROM CHRONICLE (1971)
  48. INTOLERANCE (1916)
  49. JAWS (1976)
  50. LA JETEE (1962)
  51. JURASSIC PARK (1993)
  52. KING KONG (1933)
  53. KOYAANISQATSI (1982)
  54. LADY & THE TRAMP (1955)
  55. THE LITTLE MERMAID (1989)
  56. THE LORD OF THE RINGS (2001-2003) The director sez it’s one long movie, so do I.
  57. M (1931)
  58. THE MANCHURIAN CANDIDATE (1962)
  59. MANHATTAN (1979)
  60. MARY POPPINS (1964)
  61. M*A*S*H (1970)
  62. THE MASQUE OF THE RED DEATH (1964)
  63. MOBY DICK (1956)
  64. MODERN TIMES (1936)
  65. MY FAVORITE YEAR (1982)
  66. NASHVILLE (1976)
  67. A NIGHT AT THE OPERA (1935)
  68. NORTH BY NORTHWEST (1959)
  69. PATTON (1970)
  70. THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA (1925)
  71. PLANET OF THE APES (1968)
  72. THE PRODUCERS (1968)
  73. PSYCHO (1960)
  74. PULP FICTION (1994)
  75. RASHOMON (1950)
  76. RAIDERS OF THE LOST ARK (1981)
  77. ROGER & ME (1989)
  78. ROSEMARY’S BABY (1968)
  79. THE RULES OF THE GAME (1939)
  80. SAFETY LAST! (1923)
  81. THE SEARCHERS (1956)
  82. THE SEVENTH SEAL (1957)
  83. THE SILENCE OF THE LAMBS (1991)
  84. SINGIN’ IN THE RAIN (1952)
  85. THE SORROW AND THE PITY (1969)
  86. THE SOUND OF MUSIC (1965)
  87. SPARTACUS (1960)
  88. STAR WARS (1977)
  89. LA STRADA (1954)
  90. SUNRISE (1927)
  91. SUNSET BOULEVARD (1950)
  92. SUPERMAN (1978)
  93. THIS IS SPINAL TAP (1984)
  94. TOY STORY (1995)
  95. A TRIP TO THE MOON (1902)
  96. UNFORGIVEN (1992)
  97. WILD STRAWBERRIES (1957)
  98. THE WIZARD OF OZ (1939)
  99. YOJIMBO (1961)
  100. SPACE RESERVED FOR THE ONE I FORGOT

Now, how about you?


Blockbuster Video, 1985-2013

November 7, 2013

Blockbuster

I missed Blockbuster, by and large, so I won’t really miss it. But millions of others won’t miss it for an entirely different set of reasons.

In 1980, while waiting for the result of the home video format war (ask your parents), I became one of the first kids on my block to own a VHS videocassette recorder/player. I guessed right; though VHS was technologically inferior to Betamax, its cassettes held more stuff, and that was enough for me and the non-Sony world. This machine changed my life – and, as it turned out, the entire culture’s. Not only could I record ordinary tv programs to watch later (the eggheads instantly gave that phenomenon a fancy name: “time shifting”), but they also included, if I so chose, uncut and uninterrupted movies off HBO, or classic flicks that aired at 3 in the morning: I could set the thing like an alarm clock! How useful this would have been while I was struggling through my Master’s thesis on Fifties monster movies. They’ve gone about as fer as they kin go, said I.

As with television a generation prior, Hollywood had no vision of the future and its knee-jerk reaction was to fight home video tooth and nail. In 1976, Universal and Disney brought suit against poor Sony, alleging that home video recording amounted to piracy; by the time the matter finally reached the Supreme Court eight years later and time-shifting off the air was judged to be fair use, the practice had grown so widespread that the legal action was basically moot, now enriching only lawyers.

In the meantime, of course, the studios were taking big chomps of the new home video pie themselves. They began to issue official, “studio-struck” versions of their most popular movies. Fox Home Video was a pioneer: I remember being astonished to see PLANET OF THE APES, PATTON and M*A*S*H shown at people’s homes during parties (the serious film and tv production guys all had Betamaxes early on). At one such bash at my friend Dave Adcock’s, 2001 played with the sound off, and you could see people taking quick glances over your shoulder. Far from ruining the movie business, home video revenue came to carry the biz on its back – you made more money on home entertainment than on the theatrical release – and continued to do so until very recently.

Renting videocassettes, in both Beta and VHS formats, was the next logical step – after all, most adults only want to see a movie once – and it sprang up in thousands of mom-and-pop stores, located in strip malls and lesser venues, DIY-shabby but cute, like independent comics stores. Mine was called Video Station, owned by a wonderful movie fan named Curtis. The first time I walked in, I was gobsmacked at the choices I had, for movies I could see tonight. I simply must share this with others, I said.

So, every Friday night for several years, I screened a movie at my house. Ten or fifteen friends came over to watch – the audience was constantly changing and self-regenerating – and we loved having our own private movie theater. After the first few weeks, one of my neighbors timidly came to the door and said, “Sorry, but we just have to know what you do on Friday nights. All these cars pull up in your driveway and on the street. Then you turn off all the lights, and we can’t hear a thing!” Remember, VCRs weren’t very common back then. Once I explained that we were all watching a movie, it made sense. Hope nobody had wondered whether I was hosting the world’s most boring coven.

I was such a reliable customer that Curtis would give me a peek at release schedules and let me have pre-dibs on new movies, which were appearing on tape even before their pay-cable runs. One Friday his delivery ran late and he personally drove the cassette over to my house just as people were beginning to arrive for the movie. (He declined a beer, but accepted our warm applause.) This was the state of home video rental in the early Eighties: warm, personal service, hand-selling (Curtis recommended most of the lesser-known films we screened, just as Quentin Tarantino did at his video store out in California), the same qualities you want in a good independent bookseller. Video life was sweet.

Then, in 1985, a Dallas businessman named David Cook decided to take the concept wide. Mom-and-pop video stores were starting to add locations and develop into local and regional “chains,” but Cook’s eyes were bigger, and Blockbuster was born. Wayne Huizenga executed its national rollout: it quickly added videogames, swallowed up smaller companies and opened new stores aggressively, aided by a virtuous circle in which floods of new customers were entering the movie-rental market every week. Less than ten years after its founding, the now-ubiquitous Blockbuster was big enough to seriously propose a merger with Viacom.

Now all the homegrown Video Stations were out of business, and everybody was dealing with Blockbuster (there were 9,000 stores at its peak in 2004) or a franchise just like it. Oligopoly bred complacency as video rental became a typical weekend’s afterthought. Blockbuster customers were treated to a shelf full of thirty display cases of that weekend’s new release, all of them already rented. There was little quality control over returned rentals; you wondered exactly what some people had been doing with them. And then there were the late fees. You couldn’t ignore them like some did with their library books, because Blockbuster had your credit card. Grumbling about Blockbuster became a national pastime (especially when it emerged that late fees actually constituted a profit center), but its business model was already mortally wounded.

Those late fees inspired a Blockbuster customer named Reed Hastings to imagine a better way of doing bidness. What he came up with was Netflix, which launched in 1997 and concentrated on the new DVD format. There was no store; you ordered your movies via the Internet and got them through the mail. And – here’s the master stroke – you paid a monthly fee to have a certain number of disks at your house for as long as you wanted. The company got a reliable stream of revenue without having to charge late fees! Netflix subsisted on mail-order while it quietly broadened its “streaming” capability, and lately has even moved into original programming, the very thing which has kept HBO afloat all these years. Fun fact: in 2000, Netflix offered itself to Blockbuster for $50 million, and was turned down.

So why do you need Blockbuster anymore? Hmmm: you don’t. Yesterday the company’s current owners announced that it will close its remaining 300 company-owned stores by early January. That will leave only about fifty franchisee-run stores, and they’d better watch their backs, because the brand name’s “goodwill” has long since been used up. Entertainment is still big business, but the way it’s delivered to our eyeballs is constantly mutating and adapting to fit new technology. Blockbuster controlled the golden goose for 25 years, but these days it’s about as relevant as a Commodore 64 – and I know plenty of former customers who are just fine with that.

11/9/13: Variety reports, “Blockbuster has sent out tweets over the last several days alerting customers it will stop renting movies on Nov. 9, with most stores starting to liquidate inventory on Nov. 14.” (Note to Rand Paul: this is how you quote somebody without plagiarizing them.)

11/11/13: The funnest fact of all: Variety reports that the last movie rented from a company-owned Blockbuster store was THIS IS THE END. (First half: amusing. Last half: embarrassing. Kind of like Blockbuster itself!)